From: Pitfalls in Interpreting mp-MRI of the Prostate: A Pictorial Review with Pathologic Correlation
Category | Pitfall |
---|---|
1. Pitfalls in primary diagnosis | 1. Bilateral basal hypointense zones (moustache sign) |
2. Median posterior hypointense area at the middle third of the gland | |
3. Transition zone prostate cancer versus BPH foci of stromal hyperplasia | |
4. Ectopic BPH nodule | |
5. Granulomatous prostatitis after intravesical instillation of BCG | |
6. Hypertrophic anterior fibromuscular stroma | |
7. Periprostatic venous plexus and neurovascular bundle | |
2. Pitfall in the staging | 1. T3 versus T2 (overlapping with pitfalls in primary diagnosis: granulomatous prostatitis, periprostatic venous plexus and neurovascular bundle) |
5. Bone findings | |
6. Controversial on lymph nodes | |
3. Artifacts/iatrogenic changes | 1. Mispositioned endorectal coil |
2. Post-biopsy changes | |
3. Lymphoceles |