Table 1 Incidences of various aortic pathologies compared to myocardial infarction and stroke
From: Aortic emergencies—diagnosis and treatment: a pictorial review
Incidence | |
|---|---|
Myocardial infarction | 80–330 patients/100,000 patients/year at the age of 45–54 and 350–1,140 patients/100,000 patients/year at the age of 65–74 [2] |
Stroke | 180–294 patients/100,000 patients/year [2] |
Acute aortic syndrome | The majority of patients present with aortic dissection (AD); its incidence is estimated to be 2–3.5 patients/100,000 patients/year [3]. Accurate numbers are difficult to obtain because just like in the case of ruptured aneurysms many patients may die without proper diagnosis, without reaching a hospital and/or receiving treatment |
Thoracic aortic aneurysm | The incidence of thoracic aortic aneurysms is approximately 10 cases per 100,000 person-years [4], estimated to be increasing |
Abdominal aortic aneurysm | In the abdominal aorta aneurysms can be found in as many as 7 % of patients when screening in the >65-year population [5]. Studies showed the highest prevalence of AAA >3.0 cm was 5.9 % and was found in white male smokers between 50 and 79 years [6] |
Symptomatic aneurysm (abdominal) | Symptomatic AAA in males has an incidence of 25 per 100,000 at age 50, increasing to 78 per 100,000 over the age of 70 [7] |
Ruptured aneurysm (abdominal) | The incidence of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms ranges between 5.6 and 17.5 per 100,000 person-years in Western countries [7]. The incidence of AAA is estimated to be decreasing, as well as the incidence of AAA rupture [7] |
Aorto-enteric fistulae (AEF) | AEFs are very rare with an incidence of 0.1/100,000 patients/year, mostly secondary aorto-enteric fistulae in patients with a history of aortic aneurysm and/or surgical aortic repair. Primary aorto-enteric fistulae without previous surgical aortic repair have an even lower incidence |