Table 1 Deterministic radiation effects
From: White paper on radiation protection by the European Society of Radiology
Effect | Threshold (Gy) | Time normal fluoroscopy (0.02. Gy/min) | Time high-quality fluoroscopy (0.2 Gy/min) |
|---|---|---|---|
Skin, erythema | 3–5 | 150–250 min | 15–25 min |
Skin, ulcer | 10–20 | 500–100 min | 50–100 min |
Skin, atrophy/fibrosis | >10 | >500 min | >50 min |
Lens, cataract | 0.5 | 50–100 min | 5–10 min |