Fig. 7
From: Assessment of left ventricular diastolic function by MR: why, how and when
A 50-year-old man with ischaemic cardiomyopathy and preserved systolic function. (a) Transmitral inflow analysis demonstrates an E wave (E) higher than the A wave (A) and an E/A ratio >1. However, with the Valsalva manoeuvre (b) the E wave becomes lower than an A wave and an E/A ratio <1 indicates grade II diastolic dysfunction or pseudo-normal pattern. (c) Pulmonary venous flow analysis shows a diastolic flow peak (D) higher than the systolic (S) with a prominent reversed flow (AR) indicative of an increase in the left atrial filling pressures